Conotoxins as tools to understand the physiological function of voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels

Ramírez, David; Gonzalez, Wendy; Fissore, Rafael A.; Carvacho-Contreras, Ingrid

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dc.contributor.author	Ramírez, David
dc.contributor.author	Gonzalez, Wendy
dc.contributor.author	Fissore, Rafael A.
dc.contributor.author	Carvacho-Contreras, Ingrid
dc.date.accessioned	2018-01-02T13:54:14Z
dc.date.available	2018-01-02T13:54:14Z
dc.date.issued	2017
dc.identifier.uri	http://repositorio.ucm.cl/handle/ucm/1645
dc.description.abstract	Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels are widely expressed and are essential for the completion of multiple physiological processes. Close regulation of their activity by specific inhibitors and agonists become fundamental to understand their role in cellular homeostasis as well as in human tissues and organs. CaV channels are divided into two groups depending on the membrane potential required to activate them: High-voltage activated (HVA, CaV1.1–1.4; CaV2.1–2.3) and Low-voltage activated (LVA, CaV3.1–3.3). HVA channels are highly expressed in brain (neurons), heart, and adrenal medulla (chromaffin cells), among others, and are also classified into subtypes which can be distinguished using pharmacological approaches. Cone snails are marine gastropods that capture their prey by injecting venom, “conopeptides”, which cause paralysis in a few seconds. A subset of conopeptides called conotoxins are relatively small polypeptides, rich in disulfide bonds, that target ion channels, transporters and receptors localized at the neuromuscular system of the animal target. In this review, we describe the structure and properties of conotoxins that selectively block HVA calcium channels. We compare their potency on several HVA channel subtypes, emphasizing neuronal calcium channels. Lastly, we analyze recent advances in the therapeutic use of conotoxins for medical treatments.	es_CL
dc.language.iso	en	es_CL
dc.rights	Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chile	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/	*
dc.source	Marine Dugs, 15(10), 313	es_CL
dc.subject	Conotoxins	es_CL
dc.subject	Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels	es_CL
dc.subject	ω-conotoxin structure	es_CL
dc.subject	Therapeutic potential	es_CL
dc.title	Conotoxins as tools to understand the physiological function of voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels	es_CL
dc.type	Article	es_CL
dc.ucm.facultad	Facultad de Ciencias Básicas	es_CL
dc.ucm.indexacion	Scopus	es_CL
dc.ucm.indexacion	Isi	es_CL
dc.ucm.doi	doi.org/10.3390/md15100313	es_CL