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Changes in shoulder girdle strength in 3 consecutive years in elite adolescent swimmers: A longitudinal cohort study

dc.contributor.authorHabechian-Zamuner, Fernanda A.
dc.contributor.authorVan Malderen, Kim
dc.contributor.authorCamargo, Paula R.
dc.contributor.authorCools, Ann M.
dc.date.accessioned2019-01-11T20:26:46Z
dc.date.available2019-01-11T20:26:46Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.ucm.cl/handle/ucm/2065
dc.description.abstractBackground: The shoulder complex is highly loaded during swimming. No studies were found analyzing the changes in shoulder girdle strength in young swimmers, through the years. Objective: To analyze the changes in strength of internal rotators and external rotators of the arm, lower trapezius and supraspinatus and in the external rotators/internal rotators ratio in young elite swimmers through 3 years. Methods: 31 adolescent elite swimmers (14–18 years, of both sexes) participated in the study. Isometric strength of the shoulder girdle muscles was performed using a handheld dynamometer during 3 years. Results: For boys absolute data, internal rotators increased from the first to the second (p = 0.0001; mean difference 45.6 N; 95%CI 26.7–65.0) and third years (p = 0.01; mean difference: 32.4; 95%CI: 9.3–55.5). Considering the weight-normalized data, internal rotators increased from the first to the second year (p < 0.0001; mean difference: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.26–0.78), external rotators decreased from the first to the third year (p = 0.003; mean difference: −0.33; 95%CI: −0.53 to −0.13) and from the second to the third year (p = 0.0004; mean difference: −0.29; 95%CI: −0.46 to −0.12) and supraspinatus decreased from the second to the third year (p = 0.006; mean difference: −0.17; 95%CI: −0.28 to −0.06). For girls, there were no significant differences in the absolute strength. Considering the weight-normalized data, lower trapezius decreased from the first to the third year (p = 0.02; mean difference: −0.15; 95%CI: −0.27 to 0.03). Considering both sexes, the external rotators/internal rotators ratio decreased from the first to the second (p < 0.0001; mean difference −0.12 N; 95%CI −0.13 to −0.11) and third years (p < 0.0001; mean difference −0.15 N; 95%CI −0.16 to −0.14). Conclusion: Muscle imbalance can occur in the shoulder girdle in young swimmers in 3 years, with increased internal rotators and decreased external rotators and supraspinatus strength in boys, and decreased strength of the lower trapezius in girls. Attention should be given in young swimmers’ shoulder girdle muscle balance.es_CL
dc.language.isoenes_CL
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chile*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/*
dc.sourceBrazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 22(3), 238-247es_CL
dc.subjectHandheld dynamometeres_CL
dc.subjectStrength measurementes_CL
dc.subjectYoung athleteses_CL
dc.titleChanges in shoulder girdle strength in 3 consecutive years in elite adolescent swimmers: A longitudinal cohort studyes_CL
dc.typeArticlees_CL
dc.ucm.facultadFacultad de Ciencias de la Saludes_CL
dc.ucm.indexacionScopuses_CL
dc.ucm.indexacionIsies_CL
dc.ucm.urisibib2.ucm.cl:2048/login?url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413355517306445es_CL
dc.ucm.doidoi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.01.001es_CL


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