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Toxoplasma gondii,suicidal behavior, and intermediate phenotypes for suicidal behavior

dc.contributor.authorPostolache, Teodor T.
dc.contributor.authorWadhawan, Abhishek
dc.contributor.authorRujescu, Dan
dc.contributor.authorHoisington, Andrew J.
dc.contributor.authorDagdag, Aline
dc.contributor.authorBaca-Garcia, Enrique
dc.contributor.authorLowry, Christopher A.
dc.contributor.authorOkusaga, Olaoluwa O.
dc.contributor.authorBrenner, Lisa A.
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-31T14:47:57Z
dc.date.available2022-08-31T14:47:57Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.ucm.cl/handle/ucm/4054
dc.description.abstractWithin the general literature on infections and suicidal behavior, studies on Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) occupy a central position. This is related to the parasite's neurotropism, high prevalence of chronic infection, as well as specific and non-specific behavioral alterations in rodents that lead to increased risk taking, which are recapitulated in humans by T. gondii's associations with suicidal behavior, as well as trait impulsivity and aggression, mental illness and traffic accidents. This paper is a detailed review of the associations between T. gondii serology and suicidal behavior, a field of study that started 15 years ago with our publication of associations between T. gondii IgG serology and suicidal behavior in persons with mood disorders. This “legacy” article presents, chronologically, our primary studies in individuals with mood disorders and schizophrenia in Germany, recent attempters in Sweden, and in a large cohort of mothers in Denmark. Then, it reviews findings from all three meta-analyses published to date, confirming our reported associations and overall consistent in effect size [ranging between 39 and 57% elevation of odds of suicide attempt in T. gondii immunoglobulin (IgG) positives]. Finally, the article introduces certain links between T. gondii and biomarkers previously associated with suicidal behavior (kynurenines, phenylalanine/tyrosine), intermediate phenotypes of suicidal behavior (impulsivity, aggression) and state-dependent suicide risk factors (hopelessness/dysphoria, sleep impairment). In sum, an abundance of evidence supports a positive link between suicide attempts (but not suicidal ideation) and T. gondii IgG (but not IgM) seropositivity and serointensity. Trait impulsivity and aggression, endophenotypes of suicidal behavior have also been positively associated with T. gondii seropositivity in both the psychiatrically healthy as well as in patients with Intermittent Explosive Disorder. Yet, causality has not been demonstrated. Thus, randomized interventional studies are necessary to advance causal inferences and, if causality is confirmed, to provide hope that an etiological treatment for a distinct subgroup of individuals at an increased risk for suicide could emerge.es_CL
dc.language.isoenes_CL
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chile*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/*
dc.sourceFrontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 665682es_CL
dc.subjectToxoplasma gondiies_CL
dc.subjectSuicidees_CL
dc.subjectSuicidal behaviores_CL
dc.subjectSuicide attemptses_CL
dc.subjectSelf-directed violencees_CL
dc.subjectImpulsivityes_CL
dc.subjectAggressiones_CL
dc.titleToxoplasma gondii,suicidal behavior, and intermediate phenotypes for suicidal behaviores_CL
dc.typeArticlees_CL
dc.ucm.indexacionScopuses_CL
dc.ucm.indexacionIsies_CL
dc.ucm.uriwww.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665682/fulles_CL
dc.ucm.doidoi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665682es_CL


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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chile
Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia de la publicación se describe como Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chile